Left to Tell - 1050 Words

Immaculà ¨e Ilibagiza was a college student in Rwanda during the 1994 genocide in which nearly one million people died. Her story is a remarkable testimony to the power of God’s grace to strengthen us during times of trial and to live the teaching of the Gospel in the face of overwhelming evil. Her story is told in the novel Left to Tell, published in 2006. In Rwanda, there were three tribes, and each citizen belonged to one of the tribes. These tribes were the Hutu, which were the majority, Tutsi, which were the minority, and an extremely small number of Twa, which was a pygmy-like tribe of forest dwellers. Immaculà ¨e and her family belonged to the Tutsi tribe, and because of this they were under great threat. The Hutu tribe wanted to†¦show more content†¦Some people just listen to other people because they are scared, so they do evil things, just because someone told them to. Unfortunately, I do believe that something this terrible may happen in our own country. In the last decade, some evil things have happened in America, such as the planes hitting the World Trade Center on 9/11 and the plane hitting the Pentagon, in the same day. Islamic people performed both of these evil acts. Most Americans have hatred for these people, and some especially because loved ones died in the World Trade Center. Since then, there have been bomb scares, and the hatred has just been building up. If another tragedy occurs, Americans will most likely rebel, and want these people extinguished from the country, whether they look innocent or not, just for the sake of the country. It is much better to forgive, than to hate and hold grudges. By forgiving, you are following in Jesus’ path and becoming a better person. By hating and seeking revenge, you will harbor hatred in your heart and be an extremely angry person for always thinking of ways to get revenge. I have learned that by forgiving, instead of hating, your prayers will be answered quicker. By following in the footsteps of Jesus, forgiving all who have harmed you, you will be a happier person, and by God being an important part of your life, you will have a good life. I will most definitely liveShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis of Night and Left to Tell1790 Words   |  8 Pages Critical Analysis of Left to Tell and Night Andrew Hayes 5/5/09 SOC 111- Social Problems Prof. John Sterlacci While reading the books, Left to Tell by Immaculee Ilibagiza, and Night by Elie Wiesel, the similarity in person was very prominent. Noticing how closely related these two authors were in their time of struggle and how they conquered their struggles to become survivors. Family, personality, religion, and lifestyle all played separate parts in the story which were told. Though these authorsRead MoreLeft to Tell by Immaculà ©e Ilibagiza Essay example693 Words   |  3 PagesIn her book, Immaculà ©e Ilibagiza shares the power of faith in God through her moving experience of the Rwandan genocide. God saved her life for a reason. â€Å"He left me to tell my story to others and show as many people as possible the leading power of his Love and Forgiveness† (208-09). Her book proves that â€Å"with God all things are possible†. Her objective is not to give a historical account of Rwanda and/or of the genocide. She gives her own story. She attests that through God’s h elp, forgivenessRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Left Of Tell By Immaculee Ilibagiza Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Left to Tell† by Immaculà ©e Ilibagiza is a book that narrates the genocide that occurred in Rwanda in 1994, where millions of Tutsis were killed by Hutus. Tutsis is a minority group that formed the population of Rwanda, Africa. These people were dominated by Hutus, the largest group of people from Rwanda, who murdered more than one million people in roughly 100 during the genocide in Rwanda. In this book, we learn the story of Immaculà ©e Ilibagiza, a Tutsi, who endured pain and had to stay in hidingRead MoreLeft to Tell by Immaculà ©e Ilibagiza and Hotel Rwanda Directed by Terri George981 Words   |  4 PagesWhile the book â€Å"Left to Tell† by Immaculà ©e Ilibagiza and the movie â€Å"Hotel Rwanda† by Terry George shows its share of similarities, both portray the Rwandan Massacre of 1994 in diversified ways. First, while both ch aracters share similarities portraying the perspective of the genocide, they also show some major differences in the point of view as the main character in the movie was a hotel manager while the other main character from the book was a young, Tutsi woman. Also, while they face similarRead MoreWillys Obsession with the American Dream in Death of a Salesman821 Words   |  4 Pagesyoung age. Since Willy has no reference to look up to, he is somewhat left to figure things out on his own. In Willy’s mind, everything he teaches his children is perfectly ok. Willy’s moral flaws and constant idealization of the â€Å"American dream,† ultimately stem from his absent father. We can see that Willy’s obsession with the â€Å"American dream† obviously comes from his father. When Willy’s father left, he never really left him with anything tangible or anything as far as money goes. He also didn’tRead MoreA Man Who Told Me Everything I Ever Did Essay903 Words   |  4 Pagesas we continue this series on the woman at the well... we’re almost come to a end to this series... and we discuss this morning, the woman running toward town to tell those about a man she met name Jesus... oh brother and sister when you know Jesus did you go run and tell... when you first found out about a man name Jesus... did you go tell others of what Jesus for you... The disciples came, and they marveled that He talked with a woman... The disciples were surprised that Jesus stretched the limitsRead Morelunchroom murder essay769 Words   |  4 Pagescheck someone out, or to give someone money during a stick up. We can tell that he wasn’t getting robbed, because the money’s still there.This allows us to rule out customer A. The second piece of evidence that proves that Customer C killed Fannin is that there was a right handprint on the wall. Common sense suggests that if there is a right handprint on the wall, the shooter pulled the trigger with his left hand. Since C is left-handed, that means that they pulled the trigger. The final piece of evidenceRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Comparing the Book to the Movie882 Words   |  4 PagesMocking Bird left out of the film version of the novel. I agree with this statement, and I am here today to show you four select scenes and/or characters that (in my opinion) were significant to the story. To Kill a Mocking Bird is a coming of age story for two young children, as well as a story that shows that people are not always what they seem to be. The scenes that I have chosen are very important role in supporting to these themes. The first scene that I believe should have not been left out ofRead MoreQuote Integration Essay examples944 Words   |  4 Pagesquotations used to prove your topic.   The important word in the last sentence is â€Å"prove.†Ã‚   You do NOT use quotations to establish facts from the story.   You use quotations to PROVE something.    For example – I don’t need a quotation from the book to tell me that Tom Robinson is found guilty.   I have read To Kill a Mockingbird and I know that he is found guilty.   Be sure you are using quotations not to pad your paper, but to strengthen it.    There are a few different ways to integrate quotations fromRead MoreAccountability and the Importance of Taking Care of Your Equipment608 Words   |  3 Pagesaccountability formations. The commander and first sergeant use these formations to be sure that nothing happened to any of their soldiers overnight. It’s also a chance for the soldier to go to sick call without having to get ahold of thirty people to tell them he feels ill or is hurt. So without these morning accountability formations most soldiers would just do whatever they please. With that said accountability connects in with discipline because you have to have discipline to not do whatever you

United Nations Security Council Resolution - 2674 Words

Abstract This paper evaluates the United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 242 with regard to its historical background, interpretations, aftermath, present status, and legal ramifications. UNSCR 242 was drafted after the Six-Day war between Israel and Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. This resolution is the bedrock of further treaties that were signed. According to the resolution, Israel is supposed to return the captured land, however, due to a conflict of interpretation, there has been several arguments on when and how the land should be returned. The merits of this resolution and the prospective solutions offered are still debated to this day. The treaties and declarations following UNSCR 242, arguably, compel us to believe that the†¦show more content†¦Once the interpretation, historical background, status and ramifications have been discussed, the fog clears away to understand that the UN Security Council Resolution is a failure to achieve peace, unless both Israel and the Pa lestinian authorities are willing to compromise. Discussion History: The historical background to the war can be traced to the actions of the Egyptian president Nasser. Nasser had asked UN Secretary General U Thant to remove the UN peace-keeping force from Egypt . When the UN had withdrawn its forces there had been three developments that took place. The first development was a rising tide of guerrilla activity against Israeli targets by Palestinians . Secondly, Israeli response since its inception had to retaliate harshly for Arab attacks or ceasefire violations . Thirdly, the rumor that Israeli troops were gathering near the Syrian border raised tensions . The Syrian Ba’th party also had a view towards the Arab-Israeli conflict that exasperated the situation between the Israelis and her neighbors. They maintained that the solution to the problem was by exterminating the Israeli state and restoring the land that had been taken away from its owners, apply all means needed to prevent Israel from making any new gains, and

Dell’s Dilemma in Brazil free essay sample

Dell attributed its success mostly to its revolutionary business approach, which was known as the Direct approach. Dell had eliminated the middleman completely, by selling and shipping their computer’s directly from their factories from all over the world. (1) Problem Statement Should Dell stay with the original agreement they had in Rio Grande Do Sul, even though the Government has changed hands and the deal could potentially fall through, or should they look at the other opportunities they had in other States in Brazil that were offered to them? Analysis (See Exhibit 1) Judging from the SWOT analysis, I believe that Dell in an excellent position. With our strength’s and opportunities placing us with a competitive edge in funds, personnel, marketing, experience, and low cost we will thrive and dominate any market we so choose to venture in. This case being, the market in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The Opportunities for this State and us are tremendous, we will offer this State joint research and development projects with local universities that could exceed in the R$100 million or more. We will write a custom essay sample on Dell’s Dilemma in Brazil or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Our weakness’ are that we wish to proceed to quickly on projects, and the threats are the new government change in Rio Grande Do Sul that could jeopardize the deal we already had in place with the previous government. (2) We could very well lose part or all of the Latin American Market depending what we decide to do with this information. (See Exhibit 2) Judging by our PEST analysis Rio Grande Sul has a low crime rate, such as theft and hijacking. Which means transports of our goods will be an extra cost we will have to factor in. The Political change does worry us a tad though, because this government now feels strongly against TNC’s benefits. The growth and prosperity we could achieve in Rio Grande do Sul is endless, with the already modern infrastructure, the number of well-regarded Universities and the wealth of the well-educated people Rio Grande do Sul has to offer are all very supportive. Socially Rio Grande do Sul is one of the best States for our company to be in, our executives have mentions already they feel safe and comfortable to live and thrive in. Finally, Technologically Rio Grande do Sul has the most efficient phone line installed compared to the rest of Brazil, which would do wonders for our headquarters and marketing department, not to mention that General Motor (GM) established a state of the art plant in Rio Grande do Sul in 1995. (3) Alternative #1 Dell could simply leave Brazil altogether. PROS * Not have to deal with political unrest. * Extra cost for hiring security specialist teams we will need to ship and receive our goods.

Man was born free and is everywhere in chains Essay Example

Man was born free and is everywhere in chains Paper The main anarchist analysis of the state was formulated in the 18th century. Nicolas Walter commented in the journal Anarchy: The anarchist literature weighs heavily on the present, and makes it hard for us to produce a new literature of the future. And yet, though, the works of our predecessors are numerous, most of them are out of print and mostly out of date. 7 In discussing the state another major theorist, Kropotkin provides insight. He indicates history as vital to understanding the concept of the state. Men have lived in societies for thousands of years before having known the state. For European nations the state hardly dates from the 16th century. 8 The fact that societies existed well before state oppression suggests the possibility of returning. Also, even though the state may evolve and change its form, essentially the freedom of the individual has not. As Kropotkin continues, it comes from France having remained as much a state as it was thirty years ago. The holders of power have changed their name; but all the immense scaffolding of centralised organization they remain. We will write a custom essay sample on Man was born free and is everywhere in chains specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Man was born free and is everywhere in chains specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Man was born free and is everywhere in chains specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 9 The Anarchists deplore in particular two organs of state control: The military and the police. As De Tocqueville stated: no one seemed to have had the faintest inkling that the protector might one day become the master. 10 The police are the arm of the state and the enforces of law which detracts our freedom and liberty. Leo Tolstoy, a famous writer and anarchist, that one characteristic is common: that if any man does not fulfil them [law], those who have made these laws will send armed men, and the armed men will beat, deprive of freedom, or even kill, the man who does not obey the law. 11 A very pessimistic conception of government is present here while liberalists, conservatives and fascists advocate the need and utility of government, anarchists see it as a scourge on society. An anarcho-communist, Mikalail Bakunin, wrote, states can find no other grounds for joint action than the concerted enslavement of the masses who constitute the overall basis and purpose of their existence. 12 On Society Society, is the answer to anarchists, to the key question of how to achieve rational cooperation among individuals beyond the level of small groups without resorting to coercion and legimitsing oppression. Rousseau was quoted at the beginning of this essay; man is born free and is everywhere in chains lies at the heart of anarchism, an unashamed utopianism. 13 A belief in the natural goodness, or at least the potential goodness of mankind. Social order therefore arises spontaneously; it does not require the machinery of law and order. Society will not be as Hobbes describes brutal and aggressive because for anarchists, order is implicit in nature itself: It is not something that needs to be achieved or constructed, but something, that if humans refrain from interfering with, will simply emerge and blossom. 14 Society will create the individuals who have strongly internalised values and can live cooperatively without the threat of force. For anarchists, society is the opposite of the state. Society is the repository of all good aspects of social life and organization while the state incorporates all the bad aspects of social interaction. The state is an incubus upon society a distorting factor. 15 But will it work? So far the general theory, which can be broadly applicable to most variations of anarchism, has been outlined. It seems straightforward to assume that government and law, in their very essence, consist of restrictions on freedom, and freedom is the greatest of all political goods. A conclusion that would simply follow is that law and government must be abolished if freedom is our goal. There are however many theoretical and practical weaknesses to this line of thinking which will be examined in this section. These weaknesses range from the problem of political participation to neglecting the history of state evolution and its necessities in modern society. The assumptions on human nature are problematic for anarchist theory. Anarchists believe that human nature is inherently good. If allowed unrestricted freedom in a society, humans would work to mutually benefit each other. However human nature is not a fixed quantity, but rather something that varies (within limits) according to the social and political context in which members find themselves. As history has shown, human nature in a large amount of people is definitely not something that could be labelled as good. Also, what one grouping of society may find as good, another may regard as bad. This is present in religious conflicts that have occurred over time. Critics are correct in their labelling of anarchists as naive because the only time an unrestricted society could have existed as anarchist describe, is in primitive communal tribes. This has also lead anarchists to be labelled as nostalgic in their theory. To believe that societies could function today without some form of regulator is a direct appeal to the past. The process to attain an anarchist society is ambiguous. As April Carter explains: The nature of anarchist theory means that in any important political crisis, individuals who seek to influence events by accepting a leadership position for example in a government are open to charges of gross inconsistency or treachery to the cause. 16 Also, the problem of difference of opinion between anarchist theorists poses a hindrance to changing society. Are anarchists prepared to sink their differences? Or ally themselves with the popular movement? Is it action or principles? Even when a revolution has occurred, anarchism faces a major contradiction. It will be no doubt, that the type of anarchist model will meet opposition from other anarchists. A compromise will have to be struck and in the event that it is, the only way to make it formal to give clear outline is to enshrine it in law. Anarchists will once again find themselves living under expectations. Whether anarchism will produce more than suggestive ideas for a theory of politics, or whether a specifically anarchist movement will ever achieve success are both open to considerable doubt. But the criticisms do not stop here. There are serious questions about economic coordination of production. A large measure of self-sufficiency may be possible in an economy made up of peasant farmers and artisans, but not one composed of high technology industries. 17 It may be possible to break down complex technological processes in such a way that each unit can be managed efficiently by its own workers. But the more this is done, the more each unit becomes dependent on its suppliers and/or customers. Coordination becomes increasingly vital, and there appears only two ways in which it can be achieved; by the market and by central planning. No anarchist has devised a coherent third alternative to apply to modern industrial society. On the issue of law and order, anarchists claim (Kropotkin and Bakunin) that sanctions would be enforced by society on the person who breaks common convention. For example, in the case of property theft, it may be the case that the person is restrained from others (and in last resort) being excluded from the community. One problem however, in the absence of a uniform body of laws, people do not know where they stand. They may be unsure which activities are prohibited and which ones are not. Anarchists are still yet to formulate a realistic and attractive account of the state-less society. 18 No matter how restrictive or evil the state may be, it does not follow that it should be abolished unless there if a preferable alternative. Even later anarchists envisage a network of largely ultra self-sufficient communities. But the specialisation required by modern industrial production implies a much greater a much greater interdependence of productive functions between different manufacturing units. As George Crowder explains: A single community could hope to manufacture a relatively complex machine like a car starting only from raw materials, but would have to co-operate with other communities. Even supposing the will to cooperate on an equitable basis, this would necessitate a degree of coordination of productive activity for which mainstream anarchist thought, rejecting both government and (except in the case of Proudhon) the market, makes little allowance. Productive as well as distributive, interdependence therefore points to a kind of, degree of complexity, in modern social conditions that places a serious obstacle on the way of anarchists. 19 As can be seen, trying to establish an anarchist society in a highly urbanised, seven billon plus populated world is in the realms of absurdity. Anarchists claim that a society based on cooperation, contracts and agreements, unfortunately would be too fragile a notion in which to found a stable social order. Norman. P. Barry continues, In fact this is not all a theory of how anarchy might work but rather a logical deduction of a state-less society from certain dubious propositions about human nature. If post-capitalist human nature is defined as cooperative rather than competitive, and there is no private property to dispute, than a coercive state will obviously no longer be required. 20 In his book The perfectibility of man, John Passmore says: it is quite a thing to say that they (perfecting mechanisms, example; political institutions) will in fact be used to perfect men. That is what the anarchists point out. But they themselves rely upon what one can only regard as myths: the myths of mans natural goodness, the myth of rebirth. Perfection is no more to be expected from the destruction of existing social institutions than from their extension and their strengthening strike them off, and they will weep for their lost security. 21 Anarchism in the 21st century. It would be easy to dismiss the whole idea of anarchism in the 21st century as pure fantasy. Anarchism after all has not had a major following since the early 20th century, and even then it failed to provide enough momentum for social change and political change. However, the enduring significance of anarchism is perhaps less that it has provided a basis for acquiring and maintaining political power, but rather it has challenged and therefore given promotion to other political ideologies. Anarchists have highlighted the coercive and destructive power of state processes otherwise looked over because of the fact of its necessity. It has, over the last forty years, had an impact on both the left and right, which fostered new movements entailing libertarian ideals. The new left encompassed a broad range of movements that were prominent in the late 1960s and early 70s, including student activism, anti-colonialism, feminism, and environmentalism. The new right also placed emphasis on the importance of individual freedom, but believes that this can only be achieved by market competition. 22 Harold Barclay said that it appears, all we are left with is a politics of perpetual protest. 23 Never will anarchists believe that the world is peaceful and individual rights are guaranteed. If the society to achieved appears to be out of reach it is no reason to give up the struggle. Anarchists will never conform! They have shown us that belief in freedom and cooperation, which must be a goal for human nature, helps to undermine the dehumanising and authoritian consequences of state power. 24 Karen Goaman and Mo Dodson comment that anarchist thinking today plays a more symbolic and subversive character. Anarchism has been experimenting with humorous and playful subversiveness to give a more unorthodox approach to politics. Some examples are the literature pamphlet The Artful Dodger, The Away with cars campaign and the SCUM Manifesto. These examples illustrate a line of symbolic activity which has been sporadic but notably rich in anarchism and fringe and marginal currents allied to it. 25 This type of subversive action is in itself significant to the anarchist movement because it highlights the evolutionary track anarchy is taking. Conclusion. Anarchism is in retreat today. If we fail to elaborate its democratic dimension, we miss the opportunity not only to form a vital movement but to prepare people for a revolutionary social praxis in the future. 26 Is anarchism destined to the dustbin of history? Is it just a pool of ideas on which other political thinkers and traditions can draw on at will? To argue that anarchism is irrelevant because it has long since lost the potential to become a mass movement misses the point. As the world becomes increasingly complex and fragmented, it may be that it is mass politics that is dead. 27 Anarchism has pointed to some very important things that are worth considering. The first is simply the imperfections of relations of power. It was Lord Acton that said, power corrupts, but absolute power corrupts absolutely. Anarchists were no doubt the first to criticise authoritarian regimes while others tried to keep a distance. A second point is anarchist ideals of free, unrestricted social relationships. Every now and then it is healthy to be reminded that following chain of commands blindly, are not always the most fulfilling and productive course of actions. Today it can already be seen in organizations that have placed all employees on the same level and as a result, mutual cooperation has in fact flourished (software companies are an example). David Miller believes that this is the direction that anarchists have turned too instead of attacks on the state. It seemed more profitable to urge the gradual reconstruction of social life, partly for its own sake and partly so that people may eventually come to depend less on central authority. 28 A great deal can be learned from anarchists, both about the abuses of power and about the problems and possibilities of free social relationships. In the end, anarchism is a theory still worth studying. 1 Cited in James Joll, The Anarchists (Boston: Little, Brown, 1965), p. 30. 2 Harold Barclay, People Without Government, (London: Kahn Averill with Cienfuegos Press, 1982), p. 12. 3 Cited in April Carter, The Political Theory of Anarchism (London: Routledge Kegan Paul, 1971), p. 13. 4 J. Joll, The Anarchists, p. 31. 5 April Carter, The Political Theory of Anarchism, p. 17. 6 William Godwin, Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, in Marshall S. Shatz (ed. ), The essential Works of Anarchism (New York: Quadrangle Books, 1972), pp. 3-41. p. 7. 7 No. 100, June 1969, 161, cited in April Carter, The Political Theory of Anarchism, p. 28. 8 cited in Ibid. , p. 29. 9 Ibid, p. 33. 10 Alexis de Tocqueville, The old Regime and the French revolution (New York: Double Day Anchor Books, 1955), p. 69. (original published 1856, publisher unknown) 11 Cited in Carter, p. 41. 12 Cited in Andrew Heywood, Modern Political Ideologies (London: Macmillan Press, 1992), p. 127. 13 Richard Sylvan, Anarchism in Goodin, Robert, Philip Pettit (ed. ), A companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy (Cambridge: Basil Blackwell, 1993), pp. 215-242. 14 Andrew Heywood, Political Ideologies: An Introduction (London: Macmillan Press, 1992). p. 193. 15 George Growder, Classical Anarchism (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1991). p. 191. 16 April Carter, p. 169. 17 David Miller, Anarchism, (London: J. M. Dent Sons Ltd, 1984), p. 171. 18 George Growder, Classical Anarchism, p. 192. 19 Ibid,. p. 193. 20 Norman, P. Barry, An intro to modern political theory, (London: Macmillan Press, 1981). p. 83. 21 John Passmore, The Perfectibility of Man (London: Duckworth, 1970), p. 189. 22 Andrew Heywood, Political Ideologies, p. 211. 23 Harold Barclay, People Without Government, p. 134. 24 David Morland, Anarchism, Human Nature and History, in Jon Purkis James Bowen (ed. ), Twenty-first Century Anarchism (London: Cassell Press, 2000), pp. 8-21. p. 21. 25 Goaman, Karen Mo Dodson. , A Subversive Current? : Contempory Anarchism Considered in Jon Purkis James Bowen (ed. ), Twenty-first Century Anarchism (London: Cassell Press, 2000), pp. 83-97. 26 Murray Bookchin, Anarchism, Marxism, and the Future of the Left (Edinburgh: A. K. Press, 1999). p. 154. 27 Andrew Heywood, p. 211. 28 David Miller, Anarchism, p. 183. Andrew Wallace/1592038/Dr. P. Bradshaw/Political Science/MAS2010.

Boethius Was Successful in His Argument That God Rewards and Punishes Justly free essay sample

Boethius was successful in his argument that God rewards and punishes justly. ’ Discuss (35) Boethius was a philosopher teaching at the end of the Roman empire, in his 40’s he was arrested for suspected conspiracy with the Eastern Roman Empire and was eventually put to death at the age of about 44/45. Whilst in prison Boethius wrote his book, ‘The Consolation of Philosophy’ where he discusses in great depth with Lady Philosophy issues with God’s omniscience. In his writings, Boethius identifies an issue with God’s foreknowledge, our personal autonomy and the impact of how we are to be judged as when we enter the life after this. He identifies that if God has foreknowledge and knows our future, He then knows what we are going to do which in turn removes the idea that we have freedom to do what we choose. He also sees that if we have no free will when it comes to our judgement we will be judged unfairly and unjustly as God will have caused us to do that evil or not intervened to stop us from committing that evil. We will write a custom essay sample on Boethius Was Successful in His Argument That God Rewards and Punishes Justly or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There seems to be a considerable contradiction and inconsistency between God’s foreknowledge and the existence of free will. ’ (Boethius). Boethius in his book creates a dialogue with Lady Philosophy, a personification of pure reason, whilst he plays a naive questioner. Boethius starts by questioning whether we have free will or not to which Lady Philosophy replies. She appears to Boethius and reassures that as we have the ability to reason we must then have free will and this is due to fact that our reason is what we use to make judgements which enables us to make decisions. However there are different classes of freedom, the most is when we are in contemplation and the least is when we are addicted our let our desires rule our head. This however creates another issue for Boethius, if we are free then we will be able to do what we like however if God knows what we are going to do then we must not have free will. It is impossible for God to be wrong as he is God and is omniscience. Lady Philosophy answers Boethius be replying that God is eternal in the sense that he is a temporal, existing outside the category of time itself. However there is another definition of which Boethius thought was unsuitable. God is eternal and he has no begging or no end, he always has existed and continues to do so. Boethius rejects this as he can’t see how a temporal God can judge someone if he experiences time himself. On the other hand Boethius didn’t consider the flaws of his definition of eternal God; a God that is outside the category of time is one whom cannot be personal, this also means that it doesn’t fit in with the traditional religious view of God who keeps his covenant with his people and sends his son to save us. But it also has its strengths such as it maintains the majority of the attributes of God, such as incorporeal and immutable. Boethius concluded from his characterization of an eternal god that God is like a bird flying over a man walking down the path, the bird can see where the man has been, where he is and where he is about to go all at once. This is a power that God is able to use due to him being outside of time, he can see everyone’s past present and future simultaneously. His knowledge is total however not causal. Boethius expands on his idea of divine foreknowledge and goes onto explain the different types of necessity; simple and contingent. Simple necessity is related to a person’s nature so for example â€Å"man is a rational animal. † Whereas conditional necessity isn’t tied to the objects nature so for example you see Socrates sitting down it is conditional necessity because it is not in his nature to sit down as he has freedom to stand up in the next moment. From this Boethius concludes that God’s knowledge is total and not causal, he maintains that we have personal freedom and that God rewards and punishes us justly. However through this though a temporal God can be seen as an un-caring and un-omnibenpevolant as he cannot interact with us, he cannot answer our prayers, intervene with us and perform the miracles in the world. Conversely if we do not try to defend our personal freedom we also result in an un-loving and un-caring God. To conclude, I feel that Boethius was successful in his argument that God rewards and punishes us justly however in doing so moves away from an omnibenevolant God and towards a God who can only look on without helping us, it also undermines God’s omnipotence as he cannot interact with us.

French Welfare System

French Welfare System The social welfare system in France and other European states has almost the same organization in the way the social security scheme works. The social welfare scheme in France is organized in such a way that all the beneficiaries fully covered incase they incur any risks (Agressano, 2011). The scheme covers a wide range of cases such as old age, maternity, widowhood, death sickness and all forms of occupational accidents.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on French Welfare System specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The social security scheme has no special provisions and applies to employees who are salaried regardless of their nationality, age and sex. The social welfare program in France does not allow for more than one recruitment in the scheme according to the 1996 declaration (Agressano, 2011). This paper will highlight social welfare programs in France and other European countries in comparison with the healthcare refo rm in the United States. The welfare scheme covers all employees as long as they make all the required contributions towards the social security scheme. The scheme covers all medical expenses and costs ranging from laboratory costs, consultation fees, hospitalization, medicine, prostheses, dental care and optician’s charges (Agressano, 2011). The employees are guaranteed adequate cover even in the periods when they are not on duty. Foreign workers have to first of all obtain residence and work permits for them to be covered by this social security scheme. The employees and the employers have a share of contributions they make towards the social security scheme. It is the responsibility of the employer to make contributions that cater for family allowances and occupational accidents (Agressano, 2011). The social security scheme refunds medical costs according to the beneficiary’s contribution rates. Other extra costs are paid by the employee and other complementary insu rance schemes. This social scheme can not work effectively in the United States because of the many social welfare schemes are expensive and discriminative. The social welfare of American employees has been poor over the years due to the expensive rates charged by the available social welfare schemes and insurance companies (Kronenfeld, 2004). This has always elicited a lot of debate and in the end many citizens have been unable to access quality healthcare. The healthcare reform has provisions meant to subsidize insurance and expanding medical aid to the poor. The legislation lays much emphasis on medical research and permanently prohibiting coverage caps by insurance companies (Kronenfeld, 2004). The law protects applicants from insurance companies that deny them coverage and unreasonably high premiums. The legislation also seeks to prohibit those insurance companies that only insure applicants with good health profiles and ensure that all citizens get the necessary cover regardle ss of their health profiles (Kronenfeld, 2004).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In conclusion, each country has the responsibility of ensuring that its citizens enjoy medical cover from social welfare schemes without any discrimination. The social welfare schemes in Europe are completely different from that in the United States because of its flexibility. The social welfare scheme in the United is one of the most expensive in the world with many insurance companies’ exploiting citizens by charging high premiums (Kronenfeld, 2004). The healthcare reform will ensure that insurance premiums are subsidized so that all citizens are able to enjoy quality and affordable healthcare. References Agressano, J. (2011). French welfare state reform: Idealism versus Swedish, New Zealand and Dutch pragmatism. New York: Anthem Press. Kronenfeld, J. J. (2004). Healthcare reform in America: A reference handbook. New York, NY: ABC-CLIO.

What can be done to curb concussions in hockey Explain your reasoning Essay

What can be done to curb concussions in hockey Explain your reasoning - Essay Example Concussion is the most common type of hockey-related injury. According to the National Hockey League, the reasons for the increased incidences of concussion include accidental hits, players being struck by pucks, collision with teammates, or striking the ice or the boards after being hit legally (Syd and Johnson, 1). Education and bodychecking has been implemented to curb concussions in hockey but the incidences of concussion just doubled which led a number of studies to conclude that bodychecking only result in worsening of concussions among hockey players in Canada. In fact, Canadian data suggest that bodychecking accounts for 45%-86% of injuries among youth ice hockey players (Emery et al., 2265). So, what can be done to curb concussions in hockey? The answer is simple: that is, elimination of bodychecking in children younger than 15 years. There is considerable evidence that bodychecking is the most common cause of all ice hockey injuries, particularly concussion. We understand the need to check the skills of the players in order to become effective and complete players but bodychecking should not be applied to children younger than 15 years due variations in size, physical maturity, and strength that may lead smaller players at risk for injuries due to mismatched with larger players in the same bracket (Syd and Johnson, 2). Thus, bodychecking at a younger age may only lead to substantial harm and that it should be eliminated and not be taught among these groups. Supporters of the rule which eliminate bodychecking at a younger age argue that lowering the age limit for bodychecking enables young hockey players to develop other hockey skills such skating, puck- and stick-handling, receiving, and shooting (Cusimano et al., 58). Aside from enhanced hocking skills, bodychecking will reduce current incidences of concussions among children and injuries at older ages because the repeated reinforcement of proper technique will teach hockey players on